LDL-S3GGE* LDL-S3GGE is a Berkeley HeartLab proprietary test that measures LDL particle size as a distribution of seven subclasses. Measurements of LDL determined as part of the conventional lipid panel may be normal while LDL-S3GGE subclass analysis may indicate increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
HDL-S10GGE* HDL-S10GGE is a Berkeley HeartLab proprietary test that measures HDL particle size as a distribution of five subclasses. Standard HDL measurements may be normal while HDL-S10GGE subclass analyses may indicate increased CVD risk.
ApoB (ApoB-Ultra*) ApoB is the scientifically accepted measurement for LDL particle number. Monitoring statin therapy requires an accurate and reliable measurement of apoB.
Lp(a) Lp(a) is an inherited abnormal protein attached to LDL. Lp(a) increases coagulation and triples CVD risk.
Homocysteine Homocysteine is a metabolic by-product of methionine metabolism. Progressively elevated blood levels of homocysteine are a documented risk marker for cardiovascular events.
ApoE* Apolipoprotein E (apoE) is an inherited trait. ApoE genotype predicts lipid abnormalities and responsiveness to different dietary fat intake.
KIF6* Recent research indicates that KIF6 predicts risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and event reduction during statin therapy**. In large, peer-reviewed publications, statin therapy has been shown to significantly reduce the increased risk of CHD events in carriers of the KIF6 gene variant.
Lp-PLA2 Lp-PLA2 is a marker for vascular-specific inflammation and also plays a causal role in the vascular inflammatory process, leading to the formation of vulnerable, rupture-prone plaque. Elevated levels have been shown to be powerful predictors of ischemic stroke and heart attack risk.
hsCRP hsCRP is one of a number of acute phase reactant proteins that increases in response to inflammatory stimuli. In large epidemiologic studies, elevated levels of CRP have been shown to be a strong indicator of CVD.
Fibrinogen Fibrinogen is a plasma glycoprotein that can be transformed by thrombin into a fibrin clot in response to injury. The combination of elevated fibrinogen with other CVD risk factors can substantially increase disease potential.
Insulin Insulin is associated with the characterization of the Atherogenic Lipid Profile and Metabolic Syndrome. Abnormal fasting insulin, especially when combined with other risk factors, identifies patients at significantly higher risk for CVD.
NT-proBNP NT-proBNP is a progressive CVD risk marker with powerful independent prognostic value for detection of clinical and subclinical cardiac dysfunction. Elevated levels indicate the presence of ongoing myocardial stress and potentially an underlying cardiac disorder.
Q-LDL Atherogenic Subclass Quantitation — Q-LDL provides a measurement of atherogenic particles based upon results from apoB and LDL-S3GGE. Q-LDL is a useful monitoring metric for following response to lipid therapies particularly when pursuing aggressive LDL lowering goals.
Additional Tests Berkeley HeartLab provides: Apolipoprotein A1, Total Cholesterol, Creatine Kinase, Glucose, HDL-Cholesterol, Hemoglobin A1c, LDL-Cholesterol, Hepatic Functional Panel***, Renal Functional Panel***, Triglycerides, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), and Uric Acid.

*This test was developed and its performance characteristics determined by BHL. It has not been cleared or approved by the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA). The FDA has determined that such clearance or approval is not necessary. This test is used for clinical purposes. It should not be regarded as investigational or for research. This laboratory is certified under CLIA-88 as qualified to perform high complexity clinical laboratory testing.

**To date, the benefit of statin therapy for KIF6 carriers has only been demonstrated with atorvastatin and pravastatin therapy.

***Components of panels can be ordered individually.